Key Takeaways:

• Former President Trump called for a sudden increase in nuclear testing.
• The United States has paused explosive tests since 1992 but kept readiness programs.
• Trump warned that rival nations, especially China and Russia, are catching up.
• Testing would break a voluntary U.S. moratorium but might restart immediately.
• Experts say the U.S. already has no technical need to resume live tests.

Trump’s Big Announcement on Nuclear Testing

On Wednesday night, former President Donald Trump posted on his platform a striking order for nuclear testing. He said he wants the Defense Department to ramp up tests of the nation’s most powerful weapons. Trump warned that rivals like Russia and China are closing the gap. He claimed these weapons grew stronger and safer during his first term. Yet, Trump admitted he “hated” doing the upgrades but saw no choice.

Trump also said he told the “Department of War” to start testing on an equal basis with other nuclear powers. He added that the process will begin immediately and thanked everyone for their attention. His announcement surprised many, since the United States has not carried out an explosive nuclear test in over three decades.

Reasons Behind the Push for Nuclear Testing

Trump argues that nuclear testing must resume because other countries are testing. He named Russia and China as top rivals. Russia holds the second-largest arsenal, while China is a distant third—but closing fast, he said. Therefore, Trump believes only full tests can ensure U.S. weapons stay ahead.

Furthermore, he credited his first term for a complete update of existing weapons. He claimed this renovation boosted America’s destructive power. In his view, live tests are the only way to prove that power. Yet history shows modern designs usually rely on simulation and small-scale checks. Despite that, Trump insists only actual explosions will guarantee deterrence.

U.S. History and the Moratorium on Nuclear Testing

Between 1945 and 1992, the United States ran over a thousand explosive nuclear tests. These trials helped shape early nuclear weapons and study their effects. However, health problems emerged among nearby communities and soldiers. In response, lawmakers started a compensation program for those harmed by testing.

Since 1992, the U.S. has followed a voluntary moratorium on nuclear testing. That means it agreed not to carry out any more explosive tests. Still, the nation kept programs to check weapons’ safety, security, and effectiveness. Instead of blasts, scientists use computer models and smaller experiments. These methods let the U.S. maintain confidence without violating the moratorium.

In 2020, Trump’s first administration briefly discussed resuming an explosive nuclear test. Ultimately, they stuck to the moratorium. Likewise, the Biden administration has shown no signs of reversing course. In fact, in 2024, the National Nuclear Security Administrator said the U.S. has “no technical reasons” for live tests.

What a Return to Nuclear Testing Could Mean

If the U.S. breaks its own moratorium, other nuclear powers may feel forced to follow. This could spark a new arms race. Moreover, environmental and health risks would rise sharply near test sites. Radioactive fallout can spread far beyond borders, harming people and wildlife.

In addition, restarting nuclear testing could strain international treaties. Many countries and organizations view live tests as a relic of the Cold War. They push for a complete ban on all explosive nuclear trials. A sudden U.S. reversal might weaken global nonproliferation efforts.

Meanwhile, some defense experts argue that current simulation tools suffice. They say modern computers can mimic blasts with high accuracy. This means actual nuclear testing is unnecessary for most safety checks. However, Trump’s latest post makes clear he doubts simulation alone can deter rival nations.

Global Reactions and Future Impacts

Allies and adversaries will watch closely. For instance, NATO partners value U.S. nuclear guarantees but worry about instability. They fear a return to testing may increase tensions with Russia. Meanwhile, China could use this move to justify its own tests.

Similarly, non-nuclear nations and disarmament groups will condemn any live tests. They will call for renewed diplomatic talks on test bans. UN bodies and environmental agencies may demand stricter monitoring. Public opinion might split between those who see tests as needed and those who fear their consequences.

Looking ahead, Congress would need to fund any live test. Lawmakers are likely to grill defense officials on costs and risks. They will also consider long-term impacts on arms control treaties. Should the U.S. proceed, it may face legal and political challenges at home and abroad.

Conclusion

Trump’s announcement marks a dramatic shift from decades of U.S. policy. By calling for immediate nuclear testing, he challenges both domestic norms and international agreements. While he claims it will keep America safe, many experts warn of dangerous consequences. Now, the debate centers on whether live tests are truly required in the modern age.

What happens next depends on decisions in Washington, the Defense Department, and Congress. Allies, rivals, and global organizations all stand to be affected. As tensions simmer, the world waits to see if explosive nuclear testing will return to center stage.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long has the U.S. paused nuclear testing?

The United States has followed a voluntary moratorium on explosive nuclear tests since 1992. Instead, it uses simulations and small-scale experiments to maintain its arsenal.

Why did Trump call for more nuclear testing?

Trump argued that rivals like Russia and China are testing their weapons. He believes live tests will show U.S. weapons remain the most powerful.

Can the U.S. legally resume nuclear tests?

Yes. The moratorium is voluntary, not a treaty requirement. Congress would need to approve funding and the Defense Department would carry out the test.

What risks come with live nuclear tests?

Explosive nuclear tests can release radioactive fallout. This poses health and environmental risks. They can also spark an international arms race.